Richard left Richard's house, taking Richard's dog with Richard.
Richard left his house, taking his dog with him.
第二句很明顯地要比第一句來得簡捷而且通順,善用代名詞可以讓文章更流暢活潑。
使用代名詞,首先要注意的是case。在英文中,只有名詞和代名詞有case(詞格)。
Case是指文字的形態會因在句子中的前後文而改變。英文有三種Case,nominative/subjective (主格), objective (受格),和possessive (所有格)。
如何適當使用主格和受格,如who或whom的選擇,不是一件容易的事。
另外代名詞必須與所代表的antecedent(前置詞)同頻率,特別在數量及性別要能一致。
接下我們簡單介紹一下三種代名詞格
- 在Nominative case中,代名詞被用為主詞,為作動作的人事物。
I dropped the plate. - 在objective case中,代名詞用來當作受詞,為接受動作的人事物。
Give the plate to me. - 在possessive case中,代名詞用來代表所有權,代表擁有人事物的關係。
The plate is mine.
| Nominative (主詞) | Objective (受詞) | Possessive (所有權) |
|---|---|---|
| I | me | my, mine |
| you | you | your, yours |
| he | him | his |
| she | her | her, hers |
| it | it | its |
| we | us | our, ours |
| they | them | their |
| who | whom | whose |
| whoever | whomever | whosoever |

0 comments:
Post a Comment